Binary tree upside down¶
Time: O(N); Space: O(1); medium
Given a binary tree where all the right nodes are either leaf nodes with a sibling (a left node that shares the same parent node) or empty, flip it upside down and turn it into a tree where the original right nodes turned into left leaf nodes. Return the new root.
Example 1:
Input: root = {TreeNode} [1,2,3,4,5]
1
/ \
2 3
/ \
4 5
Output: {TreeNode} [4,5,2,#,#,3,1]
4
/ \
5 2
/ \
3 1
Example 2:
Input: = {TreeNode} [1,2,3,4]
1
/ \
2 3
/
4
Output: {TreeNode} [4,#,2,3,1]
4
\
2
/ \
3 1
[1]:
class TreeNode(object):
def __init__(self, x):
self.val = x
self.left = None
self.right = None
[2]:
class Solution1(object):
"""
Time: O(N)
Space: O(1)
"""
def upsideDownBinaryTree(self, root):
"""
:type root: TreeNode
:rtype: root of the upside down tree
"""
p, parent, parent_right = root, None, None
while p:
left = p.left
p.left = parent_right
parent_right = p.right
p.right = parent
parent = p
p = left
return parent
[6]:
s = Solution1()
root = TreeNode(1)
root.left = TreeNode(2)
root.right = TreeNode(3)
root.left.left = TreeNode(4)
root.left.right = TreeNode(5)
res = s.upsideDownBinaryTree(root)
assert res.val == 4
assert res.left.val == 5
assert res.right.val == 2
assert res.right.left.val == 3
assert res.right.right.val == 1
root = TreeNode(1)
root.left = TreeNode(2)
root.right = TreeNode(3)
root.left.left = TreeNode(4)
res = s.upsideDownBinaryTree(root)
assert res.val == 4
assert res.right.val == 2
assert res.right.left.val == 3
assert res.right.right.val == 1
[7]:
class Solution2(object):
def upsideDownBinaryTree(self, root):
"""
:type root: TreeNode
:rtype: root of the upside down tree
"""
return self.upsideDownBinaryTreeRecu(root, None)
def upsideDownBinaryTreeRecu(self, p, parent):
if p is None:
return parent
root = self.upsideDownBinaryTreeRecu(p.left, p)
if parent:
p.left = parent.right
else:
p.left = None
p.right = parent
return root
[8]:
s = Solution2()
root = TreeNode(1)
root.left = TreeNode(2)
root.right = TreeNode(3)
root.left.left = TreeNode(4)
root.left.right = TreeNode(5)
res = s.upsideDownBinaryTree(root)
assert res.val == 4
assert res.left.val == 5
assert res.right.val == 2
assert res.right.left.val == 3
assert res.right.right.val == 1
root = TreeNode(1)
root.left = TreeNode(2)
root.right = TreeNode(3)
root.left.left = TreeNode(4)
res = s.upsideDownBinaryTree(root)
assert res.val == 4
assert res.right.val == 2
assert res.right.left.val == 3
assert res.right.right.val == 1
See also:¶
https://leetcode.com/problems/binary-tree-upside-down
https://www.lintcode.com/problem/binary-tree-upside-down/description